Safety device for presses, etc.



Aug. 17 1926.

wfA. EcKERrr SAFETY DEVICE FOR PRESSES ,i ETC FiledMarch 12, 1925 5 smarts-sheet 1 f Aug. 17 1926.

l 1,596,164 W. A. ECKERT SAFETY DEVICE FOR PRESSES, ETC

Filed March 12, 192s 5 Sheets- Sheet 2 M. m w w Aug. 17 1926.

W. A. ECKERT SAFETY DEVICE FOR PRESSES, ETC l Filed Match 12, 192s .5 Sheets-Sheet 3 ug. 17A 1926.

W. A. ECKERT SAFETY DEVICE FOR PRESSES,

ETC

5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed March l2 192.3

Patented Aug. 17, 1926. l

UNITED "STATES f 1 maaier IPATENrjoFLFICE.;

wrLLiAivr a. normar, or Barrero, niiw YORK.

y SAFETY DEVICE FOR FBESSES, ETC.4

Application filed March 12, 1923. ySerial No. 624,361.

This invention relates to a safety device for machinery intended more particularly for use in presses in which a punch moves toward and from a die for forming or perforating sh-eet metal betweenlthese tools.

As is well known, operators very .often have their ingers and hands-,injured by being caught betweena punch and die whenbe readily adjustedV so as to work" in conp Junction with stamping or` punching tools of various widths and sizes.

Infthe accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a perspective view of apress embodying one form of my invention.` Figure 2 is a side elevation of the same. Figure 3 is a rear elevation thereof. Figure-t is affrag-V mentary side elevation of the clutch mecha.-y nism of the press, showing the position of the parts when the safety device is operated and the clutch is prevented from coupling the movable working tool or punch with the vdriving mechanism. Figure 5 is a similar view, showing the position of the parts when the clutch is permitted to couple the woini'ng tool with the driving mechanism. Figure 6 is a fragmentary vertical section,`r takenY on line 6-`6, Fig. 1, showing the position ofy the guard of the safety device relatively to the punch and die, while the. guard is in its fully retracted position and the operator has placed a blank upon the punch. Figure 7 yis a similar view, showing the position of the guard relatively to the lpunch and die when the forward movement of the guard is arrested by striking V.the hand'of the oper-A ator which has not yet been withdrawn from between the punch and die. Figure 8 is a similar view, showing the guard in its foremost position, in which it has swung across the path of the punchand surrounds the same, so that the punch can-move downwardly into the die without injuring the hand of the operator.' Figure) is a similar view, on an enlarged scale, showing the frontv part of the wall of the guard moved forwardly, as indicated by dotted lines, into a positionv which it wouldoccupy if thisfront part engaged an obstruction during its baclrz-V ward movement ,away yfrom the punchv and die Figure 10 is a similar view, showing the fronty part of the guardr wall deiiected.,

forwardly for `the purpose of clearing vthe upper end of a blank which haslbeen stamped between lthe punch and die, and which projects upwardly -into the path ofE this front wall section after the stampingv operation hasbeen completed. `'F-igure- 11 1s a vertical-section,- on an enlarged scale,

takenon line 11%11, Fig. 3,'of the camA mechanism-wherebythe guard is moved for.

wardly and backwardly into .and/out. of its operative positionv relatively. to the punch and die, andl showing the position *ofv the parts when the guard is in its retracted or rearmost position. lFigure 12 is a similar view, showing the position lof the partsl whenthe guard isin its foremost position.y l i Figures 13, 14,15', 16, 17 and 18 are frag mentary horizontal sections, taken on the correspondingly numbered lines in Fig. 11. Figure 19 is a fragmentary vertical sectionl taken on line 19e-19, Fig. 11. Figure 20 is a perspectivefviewk of the tension bar forming part. of the 'means for .returning the guard into its rearmost or inoperative,

position. Figure 21 isl a fragmentary per. spective ,viewl of thel guard shifting cam forming part of the safety device, .the cam in this instance beingl shown reverse of the position which it occupies vwhile kin use.

Figure 22 is va fragmentary vertical section,

vsimilar to Figs. 6,-10, and showing the manner in which the guard 1s obstructed in its forward` movementv when more than one blank is placed Vupon the die. Figure" 23 is a horizontal section of the press, showing a modified form'of my invention. `Figure 2e isa lfragmentary vertical longitudinal section of the same, takenv on line V244-24,

Fig. 23. Figure 25 is a fragmentary-'perspective view, showing a `modi/ed form ofl the means for `controllingthe operation of the Clutch whichA couples the driving mechanism with the means which operatethc movable punch or tool of the press.-

Similar characters of referencez indicate corresponding parts throughout the. several views. f d

'Although this safety device is applicable to presses and similar machinesl whichmay vary in details of construction, the press which is shown in the drawings, as an exflll() ample of one suitable for use in connection with my invention, comprises a frame 30, a vertically reciprocating slide 31 `.guided on the upper part of the main frame and provid-ed at its lower .end with a movable tool or punch 32 which isV adapted to coi operated with the die 33 for perforating or stamping` a. clank 34 of sheet metal between the same, a horizontal driving` shaft 35 journaled horizontally in the upper part of the main frame and having` a crank or eccentric 36 connected hy means of a connecting' rod 37 with thefslide, a pulley 33 mounted on one end ofthe driving` shaft,l a clutch 39 adapted to connect and disconnect the driving pulley 38 with the main shaft 35, a vertically-swingingl clutch controllinfa;V lever Vwhich is pivoted on the main frame and which in its uppermost position is adapted to operate the clutch so that it uncouples the driving' wheel from the driving shaft, but which in its lowered position operates to couple the driving shaft with the driving wheel, a spring 4l which operates to yieldingly hold the clutch lever 40 in its elevated position, and a pull line 42 `which extends downwardly from the clutch lever and around guide wheels 43 and which is adaptedv to be drawn downwardly by manual means for the purpose of coupling the driving pulley with the driving shaft and causing the punch to move `downwardly and upwardly relatively to the die for making an operative stroke of the press. In the lower part of the main frame is mounted a vertically-swinging foot lever 44 which is .pivoted at its rear end by means Iof a pin 45 on the main frame and provided at its front end with a treadle 46 for depressing the same. Heretofore, this foot lever has been connected directly with the lower .end ofthe pull line 42 so that a depression of the same would cause the clutchlever to release the clutch for coupling the driving wheel with the driving shaft and producing an operation of the press. ln the present instance, however, this foot lever is not connected directly with the pull line as heretofore, but instead, is connected indirectlyr therewith in accordance with my invention, as will presently appear. This foot lever is yieldingly held in its elevated position by means of a spring 4la which connects the same with the main frame, and it is possible to .depress this foot lever during' the initial part of its downward stroke, without operating the clutch lever 40, but if the same is permitted. to complete its downward motion, the last part of this movement is caused to producev a downward pull upon the line v42 which depresses the clutch lever 40 and permits the clutch to .couple the driving wheel with the driving' shaft and cause the press to operate and effect a working stroke of its punch .relatively to the die.

he means'whereloy the last part of the downward movement of the foot lever is caused to produce a downward pull upon the clutch lever may he varied, but as shown in the drawings, the same comprises a lower horizontalv rock shaft 47 which is journaled transversely in the lower part `of the main frame, an upper rock arm 48 secured to the outer end of this rock shaft and connected with the lower end of the pully line 42, and a lower rockarm 49 secured to the inner end of the rock sliaft47 and arranged in the path of the foot lever. When the press is idle, and the clutch lever'is inl its elevated position, theV lower rockv arm 49 is elevated and the foot lever is arranged a considerable distance above this lower rock arnnasshown hy full lines in 2 andY 3. l desired to operate the press, Athe foot lever is depressed hut tire same moves idly durl ing the first part'of this movement from the position indicated hy'full-l'neslin Fig. 2, to the intermediate position indicated by dotted l'nes 44a. During this movement-L, the lutch lever is not-'moved downwardly, therey ireventing the driving wheel and drivshaft from seing coupled. During this ast part of the downward movement 4of the ioot lever from the position shown hydotted lines 44a to the position shown hvV dotted. lines 44, vthe same engageswith the lower rock arm 49 and shifts the latter from the position shown by `fall lines inlfig. 2 to the position indicated by dotted lines in the same figure, thereby causing the npper rock arm` 48 to produce a downward pull upon the operating line 42, whereby the clutch lever, if the same is not otherwise obstructed, will he pulled downwardly and cause the clutch to connect the driving wheel with the driving` shaft and produce an operative stroke of the press.

My improved safety device operates to prevent the foot lever from losing` depressed farther after effecting Vthe-first part of .its downward motion in the event that an ohstruction is present in the path or adjacentto the path of the punch, such as the presence Iof the hand of the operator over the die, and thereby prevent .the foot lever from effecting the last partof its stroke which controls the coupling of the driving' wheel and driving shaft and the .opera-tion of the press, so that injury to the hand 'of the operator is prevented. Although this .invention may he embodied in various practical forms, the construction shown in the drawingsrhas been found satisfactory in practice, and is therefore profcrred. As there shown, the same is con structed as follows:

50 represents a controllingr cam which is pivoted ou the main frame by means of a horizontal transverse pin 5l and adapted to he moved into and out` of the path of the lNhen it is i llt).

lill

clutch lever on the lower side of the same. When the press is not in operation and the clutch lever is in its elevated position, so that the clutch isuncoupled, this cain is turned upwardly and engages a flat part 52 of its face with the underside of the clutch lever, as shown by full lines in Fig. 9., wherebythis clutchlever is prevented from being depressed and thereby prevents the clutch from being coupled. During the first part of the downward movement of the foot lever, this controlling cam is moved from the position shown in Fig. 2 to the position shown in Fig. 4:, but this controlling cam is so constructed that during this movement, the clutch lever is still 'held in'its upper position in which it prevents the clutch from Coupling the driving wheel with the driving shaft. This partial turning downward of the controlling cam isv effected during the first part lof the downward movement of the foot lever.v When however the controlling cam is moved downwardly fully into vits lowermost position, as indicated in Fig. 5, the same clears the path of the clutch lever and permits the latter to be depressed by the last part of the downward movement'of the foot lever, at which time the latter engages with the lower arm yi9 of the rock shaft 47 and' shifts this arinfin a manner previously described. The mechanism for thus transmitting motion from the foot lever to the controlling cam 50 preferably coinprises an intermediate rock arm 53 arranged on one side of the main frame andpivotally mounted on the latter. A lower connecting rod 54 'connecting kthe front end of the intermediate rock arm with the foot lever and an upper connect-ing rod 55 also connecting the front part of the intermediate rock arm with the; front part of the contolling cam 50, as shown in Figs. 2 and-3, these connecting rods 'and rock; arm being .suitably proportioned and arranged so as to produce the action'of the controlling cam upon depressing tliefoot lever, as just described. The pivot of therock arm 53m the present instance,.preferably consists of a horizontal intermediate rockshaft 56 which extends transversely through the intermediatepart of the main frame and is joui'naled therein, so that this shaft can co-opera-te with other parts of the safety mechanism which will be hereinafter described. l

Movable horizontally across the path of the punch andthe space immediately adjacent to the punch anddie,` is a guard which is adapted to engage any obstruction which may be present between the punch and die, or adjacent thereto, such -as the hand or finger of an operator, or an excess number of blanks which are to be stamped, and be thereby prevented from completing its forward stroke, so that the operation of the press is preventedunder these circumstances.

J.. e rthe canili Ato the. operator.

of the' path of the punch and along opposite lateral sides ofthe same, and a front section consisting of an upright wall 59 which is preferably of angular form and pivoted at its upper end by means of pins 60 to the end walls of the rear section, so astoenable this front wall section to yield and swingv forwardly relatively to lthe rear wall section in the event that the vlower edge of the front wall section should strike an obstruction, such as a-V bur1 on the punched article, or some upward projection which may be formed `thereon during the process of punching or stamping the same. In Fig. 9 this front wall is represented by dotted lines as swung into a forward position relatively to vthe rear wall, which position it will take upon striking some obstruction on the upper side of the blank, such .as a burr or fin, while moving the guard backwardlyover the finished blank. In Fig. l0, the front wall section of the guard is similarly shown moved front wall section is preferably held yield-- ingly in its lowered upright operative position by means of a spring hetk preferably surrounding one of'tliepivot pins 60 andconnectedat its opposite ends with the front and rear sections ofthe guard, as best shown in Figs. l, 9 and 10.

ii order to enable the operator to observe on ofthe work while the guard is siifroiuidin.yY the punch. the f roiit wall of the guard is provided with asight opening 65 A iich permits the operator to look through the gumfl and the operation of the punch on' the i, t. ln thepreferred construction,

-ihs opening is covered by a pane 66 of transparent material, such as isinglass, as shown in Fig. 9, whereby the operator is prevented from sticking hislinger through this sight and injuring it by eing caught be- Vtween the punch and die. In actual practice, it is preferable to have the guard made larger or smaller in dimensions and also pcd more or less to suit the character of the punches and cies with which thel saine is to be used, in order to enable the guard to fit ,nur h .f id die reasonably close and iiinuin protection against injury sli l-lO

'23:5 onen r A terred construction shown in 1 22, the guard is so uounted that it ino es forwardly and backwardly toward litroni its operative position relative to by an oscillating niovep rpose this guard is v Vith an angular arm ih horizontally In the i p. 1bted on the character oi use, without a ion n tne rest of the et.v7 c evice. The shirtally supported by t-givot pin 7() which .cal opening` in the tir; arm and is prolower end v Yth a screw nut 7l,

" mst the lower side of his arn ecured in an opening 'i2 bv lat'iallf-,fiirom a bracket plate 74 ecured to the adjacent part of the main frame by means of screws '(5, as shown or by other .v 1

construction, bearing rollers .d between the periphery or fthe bore ot the respective ning; arm 68, and a thrust bearing f i Der eide ci: trie s lifting arm and the under- I i: l his brac iet aun, as best shown in fided whereby this shittingi frwardly during the initial stroke oi' the foot ever "'r' oetecting the presence of oosir ction in the path ol the punch or acent ilfor preventing` the operation press in the event that such an obstruction is enrountered, which means are s ral'anized that they also operate to return t its rearmost or inoperative 59 p lerred 'form of the means i" i actuating 'the guard, as shown in Figs.

l' ai 'the dawings, the same are constructed as follows:

P y 7 3 repre' *ts a vertically movable guard s" operating ai, the body or' which is preferconstructed in the forni ol an upright d r ded at its lower end :e L79 which is adapted to en- 'nflined vtace 80 on the upper l shifting arm 68, so that sii l 5; he moved forwardly and ca*1 f' he Vn a forward direction relatively to the punch and die. This downward movement of the guard operating cam lever has been pulled downwardly;

is effected by motion derived from the foot lever through the medium ofl the meansV of which the intermediate roel; shalt 56, the intermediate rock arm 53, the lower connecting; rod 11-, the'vlower rock shaft 4:7 and the roclr arins #i8 and 4:9, form parts, the ac ditioual elements consisting)T of a 8l oliecting downwardlyfrom the lower end oi the guard cam, an adjust-ing` S2 by a screw connection with the said stein and provided o., and a shitting' lever y end with the slot 83 ts rear end with that end 56 opposite to Vwhich the e roilr arm 53 is connected. rangement of the parts just dewoul-d be appropriate when the vgirarcl Suc on opposite.' sides of the press, as

ance, but a somewl at modiin the event that the guard "8 is arranged on the sameinp; cani 'F8 and the clutch lever e0-areV s this clutch lever, as might or desirable in some forms ot V I o meet some special conditions. li'lien oipganizing the shifting mechanism in th er just described, a depression or tlr too lever will cause the guard cantto l; be depressed from the position shown in Fig. the position shown in Fig. l2, rst part or" the downward move- Jfoot lever and before the clutch ment ot the ciently to cause the driving clutch to connect the driving Vwheel or mechanism with the driving shaft for operating the. punch of the press.

lf, for any reason, the Q;uard is prevented from moving forwardly with a.` full stroke into its foremost position, las would be the case, for instance, when strilringthe fingerV or hand or' an operator, which may be between the punch Vand die or adjacent thereto, then the guard actuating earn 78 would be prevented from moving downw wardly a` sufficient extent and this would in turn prevent the foot lever from conipleting` the iirst part of its stroke inde-v pendently of theclutch controlling' lever 4:0, so that operation of the press would be prevented. lhen, however, the cani is permitted to move downwardly to such au extent, as will cause the guard shifting arm to be moved forwardly the maximum extent for bringing' the guard into its foremost position around the path of the punch, then the guard operating cam is free lto continue its downward motion independently of the guard shifting arm '68 during which time the cylindrical surface of the guard operating cam slides downwardly past the rear side oi the guard shifting arm, as shown in Fig. l2. During this continued movement ward pull upon the `clutch lever 410, so that .the driving clutch will couple the driving wheel with the driving shaft and produce an operation of the press. During such continued downward movement of the guard operating cam, the guard is held in its forward moveinentvand prevented from movingr backwardly by reason yof the engagement of the guard shifting arm 68 with the front.

side of the guard voperating cam 78, uas shown in Fig. 12, thereby preventing interference of the guard with thefree move- A ment of the punch `and also preventing the A raised by means operator from shiftingthe guard into a po sition ink vwhich the punch would not be protected, thusva'voiding injury to the operator if he should attempt to interfere with the proper operation ofthe device. Upon releasing the foot pressure on the foot lever, the latter will be raised by the spri-ngtla and the guard'- cam will Vbe simultaneously of a spring Swhich preferably surrounds the upper part of the guard camv and engages its; lower end 'with'- a support while its upper end bears against a cap 86 which is secured to `the upper end of the guard cam. rEhe foot lever spring 41a and the guard cam spring 85 by their resilience operate to returnv the partsn associated therewith to their retracted position and after the foot lever has effected' the initial part of its upward movement and is effecting the last part of the upward movement, the spring 4:1 operates to move the clutch lever into its elevated position in which it operates to uncouple the driving clutch, so as to disconnect the drivingV wheel froin'the driving shaft' at the end rof the respective cycle of operations of the press.

lVhen operating with dies and punches which extend fore and aft of the press `dif-V ferent distances, it is desired to change the length ofthrow of the guard fore and aft of the machine accordingly, in order to obtain the maximum speed and output of the machine, it being obvious that' a co-operat# ing punch and die'which is comparatively narrow fore and aft of the machine would require a shorter throwthan a co-operating punch and die whichr is comparatively long in this direction of the machine. For this purpose, means are provided which will permit of readily adjusting the throw of the guard in accordance with the character, shape and width of the die and punch which are used for a particular job'. T his is preferably accomplished by providinglthe guard operating cam with va cani face, different parts of which are of different length, so that upon adjusting this cam for engaging different parts of its cam face with the guard shifting arm, the latter willbe shown' in thrown dierent distances fore and aft of the machine, depending upon what particular part of the cam face s. engaged with this arm. In the preferred construction, this is.

accomplished by constructing the cam face 79 of theguard operating cam in the form f of a cone, the center of which is eccentric to or on one side ofthe axisv of the body of this cam, as shown in Figs. 11, l2 and 21. It follows from this construction that when this cam is turned about its longitudinal axis, so as to present the shortest side of its conical cam face to the guard shiftingarm, as shown in Figs. 11 and 12, the minimum throw of thisfcam will bel exerted upon the guard shifting arm. vrUpon turning the guard operating .cam half way round, so that the longestpart of its cam face engages withthe guard shifting arm, then the latter will bethr'own the greatest possible extent by the respective part of'this cam' face. In like manner, this cam maybe turned into a position in which some part thereof intermediate of the shortest portion and the 1ong-,

vengaging different parts of this conical cam face withjthe guard shifting arm, but the means which are shown in the drawings are approved, and as Athere shown thesame comprise a guide collaror sleeve 87 vwhich surrounds the lower'part of the guard operating cam so as to forma bearing therefor in which the cam both slides and rotates, which collar or sleeve is in turn journaled in a bearing 88 in the adjacent outer part of the bracket'arm 72, as shown in Figs. 11 and 12. This sleeve or collar is held against longitudinal movement by means of a circumferential flange 89 formed thereon and resting against the upper side of the bracket arm 72, and a retaining finger 9() secured to this bracket arm` and engaging with the upper side of this flange, as shown in Figs. 11, 12, 13, 15 and'16. The upper end of this sleeve forms a seat or'shoulder for supporting the lower end of the spring 85 which raises the guard cam. The guard cam and the guide sleeve 87 arev compelled to turn together, but this cam is free to move verticallyindependently of this sleeve by means of a spline 91 secured to the bore of this sleeve and engaging with a flattened face or keyway 92 on the periphery of this cam, as Figs. 11, 12, 14 and 15. Means rality oi openings 93 arranged in a circumferential row onthe upper part ot the sleeve 8?' and adaptedV to receive a suitable tool tor turning the same, and a locking dog 9-1 movable into and out olf engagement with one or another of a c-ircun'iterential row oi notches Q5 in the periphery vot the flange S9 and inovably secured -to the bracketi'arin 72 by means ot a ,screw 96 which passes through a longitudinal slot 9T iii-this locking dog, as best'shown in Figs. 1-1-16. For convenience in selecting the particular part ot the guard operating cani inv order to secure a throwing` effect of the desired length uponf'the guard, the upper part of the periphery of the guidesleeve or collar is provided with an annular row or number ot location marks 98, .one or the other ot' whichV may be`v shifted intov line with a stationary marx, such orinstance as the marl: 99 at the upper y,end `of the pivot pin 70, thereby enablingY the operator'to quickly, convenientlvandlreliably adjustk the throw oi' the guard operating cam to suit a particularl requirement. l'

1n order to prevent'the yguard trom being thrown forwardly too tar but insuring ceutering of the same relatively to the punch and die when in its forward position, .a stop device is providedv which preferably ccnsists of. a stop strap or loopv 100 secured to the rear side ot the guard shifting arm and adapted to engage with the rear side er" the guardv operating cam, as yshown in F and r1T, the rearward throw of the guard being arrested by engagement with the front side ot the stem on the guard cam, as shown in F ig. r11, thereby controlling both the torward and vbackward movementsY of the guard.

ln order to cause the guard to move promptly into its rearmost position when the saine is released, a spring tension or return device is'provide'd .which isso constructed that it will operate elilectively in conjunction with the guard operating cam regardless ot Whether a short or long part ot its cam lace engages with the guard shitting arm, this device being` also so organized that the guard shifting arm will be tree to swing about its pivot and lchange position relatively to the face oft-he guard operating cam without producing any binding between these parts. This guard return-device in its preferred torni, as Vshown in Figs. 1, 11, 12, 13, 18, 19 and 20, preferably.comprises a tension bar 101 whichis mounted on the stem ot the guard cam so as to be capable of oscillating' horizontally and also sliding` vertically thereon and provided on its upper side in front oi thesteni with an inclined'bearingtace 102 which engages with a correspondingly inprojectingl rod 10%, the upper end or" which' passes through a longitudinal slot V105 termed on the inner arm of a tension lever 106 pivoted on the upper side ot the lbracket arm T2. At its upper end the rod 10-/1 isi provided with a stop adapted to engage' with'.

the top of the tension lever, this stop in its preferred torni consisting ot a rlower sleeve 1G.7 screwed on this end of the rod 164, and a clamping nut 108 applied to this rod Vand engaging with the upper end ot' thesleeve 107, as shown'in Figs. 11 and 12. The ,outer arm of the tension Vlever 10'6 is` connected 'by means of' a spring 109 with the adjacent part ot the bracket arm,as shown in Figs. 1., 3. and 13, whereby this lever vis caused'to pro'- duce a tension or pull upon the rear end oi the tension which equalizes the tension upon'the front end of the tension bar when the latter is moving upwardly. In the elevated position ot the guard cam, the upper end ot the head 82 on this stem bears against the lower, side voi" the tension bar and 'holds the guard shifting armagainst the ront'side of the stem, as shown in Fig; 11. As the guard operating cam during its descent pushes. the guard shifting arm forward` ly, the4 tension bar due Yto the wedging action between the same and the guard shittinoarm. is moved downwardly the requisite extent to permit the guard shifting arm to move forwardly under the action Vof the guard cam, as shown in Fig. 12. The downln rear ot'the stein this w rd movement oi this tension bar is limted l by engagement of the stop sleeve 10T with the upperside oi the tension lever, as 'shown in F 12, which position can be adjustedto suit dilerent adjusted positions and the et- :tective throw of the guard by running an adjusting sleeve 10T up or down on the rod, as required. During the subsequent upward movement 01"' the guard cain 78, the adjusting head 82 at the lower end of the 'stem S1 engages with the underside of the tension bar and lifts the same into its uppermost position, whereby the inclined tace ot' this bar Vby engaging witn the underside of the guard shitting arm wilt again move Vthe latter backwarly against "che stem of the guard cam, as shown in Fig. 11. ln order to avoid undue noise and wear as the shitting head 82 on the cam stem engages with the tension bar, a cushion is interposed between this head and the tension bar which in the preferred construction consists ot a washer of rubber or similar resilient material which is adapted to engage with the underside of the tension .bar in its uppermost position, as shown in Fig. 11.

Locking means are provided 'for helding the guard positively in its foremost position leo around the punch while the latter is descending andV alsoi for' such an additional time as may be required to permit the punch to ascend, after the pruiching operation, a sufficient distanceto clear the uppermost part-of the guard and thereby avoid inten terence between these movable parts of the fmachine. The preferred means for this purpose are constructed as follows:

Pivotally mounted on the .upper part oi the bracket plate by la pin 111, is a loching or detent latch or dog 112 Aot) angular iorm which'is capable of swinging vertically and provided on its lower part with a locking 'nose or shoulder 113 adapted to engage withthe edge of the cap 36 at the upper endV of the guard operating cam. Between Vits extremities, this locking catch or dog is providedwith a trip or releasing lug or shoulder 114 which faces forwardly. Securedv to the front side of the vertically movable slide 31 of the stamping press is a laterally projecting supporting arm 1,15 on the tree end of which is mounted an L-shaped carrier, the lower vertical member 116 of which is capable of verticaladjustment on the arm 115 by means of a clamp 117 secured to this arm and passing through a vertical slot 118 in the vertical part of this carrier. Theupper horizontal member 119 ofy this carrier is provided at its rear end with a trip pawl 120 which is pivoted thereto by a pin 121V so as tobe capable otswinging vertically from a horizontal position into an upwardly inclined position, but is prevented by means of a stop 122 on this carrier from swinging below a horizontal position. When the guard operating cam is movedY into its lowermost position, the locking dog 112 -is shifted by gravity into a position in which it engages its lower or locking nose with the upper edge of the cap on the guard cam, as shown in Fig. 12. Vvlhile the guard cam iseiiecting this movement, the carrier 116, 119, remains in its elevatedV position with its trip pa'wl arranged above the trip llug on the locking pawl, as shown by full lines in Fig. 12. During the rst part of thersubsequent downward movement of the press slide carrying the punch, the trip pawl 120 is shifted 'from the horizontal positionl shown by full lines in Fig. 12 to the inclined position show by dotted lines inthe same figure, whereby this trip pawl is permitted to clear the locking lug on the detent dog, and the locking dog is permitted to remain in engagement with the cap on the upper end or the guard operating cam'and the punch carrying slide isfree to descend. During the first part of the subsequent upward movement ot the punch, and until such time as the punch hascleared the upper end of the guard,the latter is held in its forward position around thel path of the punch by engagement of the detent or locking dog y112 with the upper end ot the guard operating can. Eurng the last part of the upward movement or I the punch carrying slide, however, the trip. pawl 120, which is now held rigid in'ahorizontal position, engages with the trip or releasing lug 114 of the locking Adog and pushes the same rearwardly 'from the posi# tion shown by full lines in F 12 to the position'shownr by dotted 'lines iirFig 11, thereby disengaging'the lockingdog from the guard operating cam and permitting the latter to be raised by the 'resilience ot its spring 35. During thelast part oi" the upward movement ot the carrier 116, '11S with thev punch and associated parts, `the trip pawl 120 passes above the releasing lug"1.14 and permitsfthe loclingdog 112 ltoswing inwardly toward Ythe guard .operating cam', so that the latter is in a positionto automatically ire-engage its nose ufithfthe upper and of the O'uard operating cam .and the releasing lug 114 is arranged below the trip pawl, as shown in full lines in Fig.'11.-

Instead of mounting the guard directly on the guard shifting arm, as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, this guard may be mount-y el on a slide 123 which moves horizontally and lengthwise in guideways '124 carried by the main frame in rear of the punch and ie, slide from the guard shifting-arm 68 lby means of an arm extension 125 secured to the guard shifting arm and provided at its free end with a slot 126 whichreceives a bolt or pin 127 on the guard 'carrying slide, as shown'in Figs. 23 and 24. Y

It desired, other forms ot clutches may also be employed 'for connecting and disconnecting the driving wheel or mechanism with the driving shaft instead ot the one which is shown in Fig. 2. For instance, a longitudinally movable clutch bar 128 may be employed for lcontrolling the vdriving clutch, which bar slides in a guide 129 and is yieldingly heldin its elevated position by a spring 130 and adapted kto be pulledL downwardly by means ot amember or line 131 connecting the same withlthe upper ro'cl;

arm 48 of the treadle mechanism, as shown in Fig. 25. In this construction, the clutch pin `128 is held in its elevated operati-ve position by means oiC a locking detent dog 132 which is'pivoted 'on and vadjacent part ofv the main frame and provided with a locking nose 133 adapted to engagewith a and motion may be transmitted to thisl notch 134 in the clutch bar and also prof vided with a crank 135 which is connected by means of a connecting rod 136 with the intermediate' rock lever 53, similar to the manner in which'the controlling cam 50 is f connected with this samerock arm.

Obviously, this device will not only safe'- guard the operator and prevent the tingers orhands from being'injured, but the same blanks are laced upon Vthe die.

also operates as a detector in case there are any other obstructions or abnormal condi tions present in the iiiacli'-ie, such for instance as when an exces .i e number of An example of this kind is shown in 22, in which two blanks 137, 137 are shown on the die in place of one. By arranging the "o low enough so that it will just clear etop ot' one blank but strike the rear edge or' Va superposed excess blank, this will operate to pre vent the guard from moving forwardly it this excess blank should either be stuck on the normal lower blank or be held there by hand, and thereby prevent the pr rroin operating and serve as a notice to the operator ythat something is wrong which requires correction before the press can proceed in its normal operation. This d= tl'y not only safeouards the operator, but i i also avoids possible waste of material as well as injury to the machine which would he liable to occur when operating upon more than one blank at a time. v

As al whole, this safety device is very rcliable and ecient in operation, it positively prevents injury 'to the operator, it can be quickly adjusted to suit tools or l sizes, and it can be readily n ,tallod on presses of standard construction without any alteration in its parts.

I claim as my invention:

l. A safety device 'tor a press having a movable working tool and manually operated means for controlling the operation of said tool comprising a detector adapted to move relatively to the path of .said working' tool, an arm operatively connected with said detector and having a forward and backward movement, a cam having a cam tace adapted to engage said arm and constructed to produce etlective throws ont varying length and adapted to be adjusted for bringing different parts or" its cam 'tace into engagement with said arm, and means Jor moving the cam in the direction lor causing the same to shiftsaid arm for moving said detector forwardly.

2. A safety device for a press having a movable working tool and manually operated means itor controlling the operation oic said toolv comprising a detector adapted to move relatively to the path of said wor ring tool, an arm operatively connected with said detector and having a forward and backward movement, a longitudinally reciproeating cam which is provided with an eecentric conical face diilerentparts of which duce effective throws o't varying length and which is adapted to be turned tor engaging different parts of its tace with said arm, and means for moving said cam in the direction for causing the same to shift said arm for moving said detector forwardly 3. A safety device for a press having a movable working tool and manually opered means tor controlling the operation of said tool com Y ve relatively to the tool, an arm operatively connected with' said 4detector and having va forward` and 4backward movement, a longitudinally reciprocatg cam v l' el is provided with an eccentric conical tace oiliferent parts of which produce effective throws of varying lengthand which is adapted to be turned for engaging lditl` 'carts of its face with said arm, manrted means for moving said cam in the dii ection 'for causing the saine to shift said arm fliorwardly, and automatic means for n'ioving said cam in theiopposite direc-1 i satetv device forA a press having a vable woi toolj and manually opermeans ttor controlling the operation of tool, comprising a detector adapted to nieve relatively to the path of said working tool, an arm operatively connectedwith said ff or :ind having a forward and back- `id yinc-vement, a longitudinally reciprocate ing cam which is provided with an eccentric conical face ditl'erent parts of which produce etlective throws of varying length and which is adapted to be turned for engaging dillercntparts of itsitace with said arm, means 'tor adjusting saidV cam about its longitu-:linal axis, andvmeans for, moving said cani in the direction 'for causing the same to shilt said arm for moving said detector tor wardly. Y

o. A safety device tor a press having a movable working tool and manually open ated n'ieans 'for controlling the operation ot said tool comprising a detector adapted'to ove relativelv to thepath ol said working ol, an arm operatively connected with said nctor and having a forward and backeating Vcam whichis provided withv an eccen ric conical lace different parts of which proc uceeilective throws oit varying lengt-h and which is adapted to be turned for en different parts orn its -it'ace with said arm, means for adjusting said Cain about its longitudinal axis comprisingV a collar ar rauged on the cam having ay circumferential row ot' notches and a dogA mounted on a stationary part and adapted Vto be engaged with one or another oi said notches.

tl A safet. device :tor a press having a 'king tool aio manually operatlor controlling the operation of tool vcomprising a detector adapted to said move relatively to the path oitl said working toolan arm operatively connected with said detector and Vhaving a forward and backsing a detector adaptedtoV path of said working` longitudinally recipro-` ward movement a lonv'itudinall vreci roand which is adapted to be turned foren-v gaging different parts of its face Vwith said arm, means'for adjusting said cam about its longitudinal axis comprising a collar capable of turning with said cam but held against moving lengthwise therewith and provided with a circumferential row of notches, a bracket provided with a bearing in which said collar is journ-aled, and a dog movably mounted on said bracket and adapted to be engaged with one or another of said notches, and means for moving said cam in the direction for causing the same to shift said arm for moving said detector for- 'wardly '7. A safety device for a press having a movable working tool and manually operated means for controlling the operation of said tool comprising a detector adapted to move relatively to the path of said working tool, an arm operatively connected with said detectorand having a Aforward and backward movement, a longitudinally recipro cating cam which is provided with an eccentric conical face different parts of which produce effective throws of varying length and which is adapted to be turned `for engaging different parts of its face with said arm, means for adjusting said cam about its longitudinal axis comprising a collar capau ble of turning with said cam but held against moving lengthwise therewith and provided with` a circumferential row of notches,ra bracket provided with a bearing in which said collar is journaled, and a dog movably mounted on said bracket and adapted to be engaged with one or another of said notches, manually operated means for moving said cam lengthwise in the direction for causing the same to move said arm forwardly, and automatic means for moving said cam in the' reverse direction comprising a spring surrounding the cam and bearing at one end' against said collar, and a cap which is secured to said cam and against which the other end of said spring bears.

8. A safety device for a press having a movablel working tool and manually operated means for controlling the operation of said tool comprising a detector adapted to move relatively to the path of said working tool, an arm operatively connected with said detector and having a forward and backward movement, a cam adapted .to engage said arm for moving the same forwardly` manually operated means for moving said cam in the direction for engaging said arm,

automatic means for moving said cam in` the opposite direction, detent means for locking the cam in position after the latter has moved said arm forwardly, and a rea leasing 'means for disengaging saiddetent means said cam during the return stroke of teal.

9.A safety device for a press having a movable working tool and manually operated` means for controlling the operation of said tool comprising a detector adapted to move relatively to the path of said working tool, an arm operatively connected with said detector and having a forward and backward movement, a cam adapted to engage said arm for moving the same forwardly, manually operated means for moving said cam in the direction for engaging said arm, automatic meansfor moving said cam in the opposite direction, detent means for locking the cam in position after the latter has moved said arm forwardly, comprising a detent pawl having a nose adapted to engage with a part on the upper end of saidv cam at the end of the downward movement of the latter and also having a releasing lug, and a releasing arm moving vertically with 'said tool and having a dog which is mounted thereon so that it is loose on the releasing arm during the downward movement of the same with the tool and trips past said releasing lug but is lrigid thereon during the upward movement of the same with the tool and releases the detent pawl from said cam by engaging said releasing lug during the last part of the upward movement of said tool. v

10. A safety device for a. press having a movable working tool and manually ,operated means forA controlling the operation of said tool comprising a detector adapted to move relatively to the pathy of said working tool, an arm operatively connected with said detector and having a forward and backward movement, a vertically reciprocating cam having a cam face adapted to en gage said arm for moving the same forwardly, and a tension device for holding said arm yieldingly in engagement with said cam and moving said arm backwardly,'com

for holding said tension bar yieldingly in engagement with said arm, said arm having an upper inclined face which engages said cam and also having a lower inclined face, and said tension bar having an inclined face engaging with the lower inclined face of said arm. y a

11. A safety device for a press having a movable working tool and manually operated means for controlling the operation of said tool comprising a detector adapted to move relatively to the path of said working tool, an arm operatively connected with said detector and having a forward and backward movement, a vertically reciprocating cam capable of adjustment about its axis and .having a lower eccentric conical cam face which engages the upper side of said arm, a tension bar pivotally mounted on the `lcwer end cf said cam and provided with an inclined face engaging the underside of said llO arm, and spring means for yieldingly holding said tension bar in its working position.

12. A safety device for a press having a movable working tool and manually operated means for controlling the operation of said tool comprising a detector adapted to move relatively to the path of said working tool, an arm operatively connected with said detector and having a forward and backward movement, a vertically reciprocating cam capable ot' adjustment about its axis and having a lower eccentric conical cam face which engages the upper side of said arm, a tension bar pivotally mounted on the lower end of said cam aud provided on its front end with an incline engaging with the underside of said arm, and a spring device connected with the rear end of said bar for equalizing the tension on the front end of the same.

13. A safety device for a press having a movable working tool and manually operated means for controlling the operation of said tool comprising a detector adapted to move relatively to the path of said working tool, an arm operatively connected with said detector and having a forward and backward movement, a vertically reciprocating cam capable of adjustn'ient about its axis and having a lower eccentric conical cam face which engages the upper side of said arm, a tension bar pivotally mounted on the lower end of said cam and provided on its front end with an incline engaging with the underside of said arm, and a spring device for turning the tension bar comprising` an upright rod connected with said bar, a tension lever having one arm connected with said rod, and a spring connected with the other arm of said tension lever.

14. A safety device for a press having a movable working tool and manually operated means for controlling the operation of said tool comprising a detector adapted to nieve relatively7 to the path of said working tool, an arm operatively connected with said detector and having a forward and backward movement, a vertically reciprocating cam capable of adjustment about its axis and having a lower eccentric conical cam face which engages the upper side of said arm, a tension bar pivotallymounted on the lower end of said cam and provid-ed on its front end with an incline engaging with the underside of said arm, and a spring device for turning the tension bar comprising an upright rod connected with said bar, a tension lever having one arm provided with a slot which receives said rod, and a spring connected with the other arm of said tension lever.

15. A safety device for a press having a movable working tool and manually operated means for controlling the operation of said tool comprising a detector adapted to move relatively to the path of said working tool, an arm operatively connected with said .detector a-nd having a forward and backward movement, a vertically reciprocating cam provided at its lower end with a cam face engaging with said arm and also provided with a depending stem, a vertically movable depressing lever connected .with said stem, and means for cushioning the upward movement of said cam.

16. A safety device for al press having a movable working tool and manually operated means for controlling the operation of said tool comprising a detector adapted to move relatively to the path of said working tool, an arm operatively connected with said detector and having a forward and backward movement, a vertically reciprocating cam provided at its lower end with a cam face engaging with said arm and also provided with a depending stem, a vertically movable depressing lever connected with said stem, a tension bar mounted on said stem and having an incline engaging with the underside of said arm, spring means for turning said tension bar, and a cushion interposed between the lower part of said stem and said tension bar.

17. A safety device for a press havingl a movable working tool, comprising a guard adapted to move relatively to' the path of said tool and having a wall portion which will yield upon encountering an obstruction during its return movement.

18. A safety device for a press having a movable working tool, comprising a guard adapted to move relatively to the path of said tool and having a frame shaped wall which isadapted to surround the path of said tool and has a main rear part, and a front part pivoted to swing vertically on said rear part.

19. A safety device for a press having a movable working tool,y comprising a guard adapted to move relatively to the path of said tool and having a frame shaped wall which is adapted to surround the pat-h of said tool and has main rear part, a front part pivoted to swing vertically on said rear part, and a spring rfor holding said front part yieldingly in its depressed normal position. y

20. A safety *deviceA for a press having a movable working tool, comprising a guard adapted to move relatively to the path of said tool, means for operating said tool including a clutch having a clutch controlling lever, a rotary cam adapted during the lirst part of its forward rotation to prevent said lever from moving` but during the last part of its rotation to permit said lever to turn, a foot lever, means for holding said foot lever yieldingly in its elevated position, a connection between said cam andsaid toot lever, means which are unaffected by the llO foot lever during the first part of its downward movement but which are engaged by and aetuate said clutch lever during thel last part of the downward movement of said foot lever, and means for moving the guard forwardly into its operative position during the first part of the downward movement of said foot lever. Y

21. A safety device for a press having a movable working tool, comprising a guard adapted to move relatively to the path of' said tool, means for operating said tool including a olntoh having a clutch controlling lever, a rotary Cam adapted during the first part of its forward rotation to prevent said lever from moving but during the last part of its rotation to permit said lever to turn,

a foot lever, means for holding said Jfoot lever yieldingly in its elevated position, a conneetionbetween said cam and said foot lever, comprising an intermediate rock arm, and upper rod connecting said intermediate rook arm and cani and a lower rod connecting said intermediate rock arm and foot lever, a lower rook shaft pro-vided with an upper arm connected with said clutch lever and a lower arm arranged below the foot lever, Ysaid intermediate rook .shaft being operatively associated with said guard for moving the same forwardly during the first part of the downward movement of said foot lever.

WILLIAM A. ECKERT. 

